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Probability utility

Dice Probability Calculator

Find the chance of rolling an exact total, at least a target, or at most a target. The result is calculated exactly from every possible outcome.

MODULE 001 / DICE.PROB
For 2d6: 2–12
Probability result / at least 9 with 2d6
27.78%
10 favorable outcomes out of 36
7Average total
2–12Possible range
7Most likely total
36Total outcomes

Sum distribution

Labels are shown on key bars; hover or focus any bar for its exact value.

2Total rolled12

How to use the dice probability calculator

Choose how many identical dice you are rolling and the number of sides on each die. Then choose whether you want the probability of rolling exactly a total, at least a total, or at most a total.

For example, with two six-sided dice, selecting “At least 9” counts every outcome whose sum is 9, 10, 11, or 12.

Why some dice totals are more likely

When several dice are added together, totals in the middle of the possible range usually have more combinations that can produce them. With 2d6, a total of 7 can be made in six different ordered ways, while 2 and 12 can each be made in only one way.

The distribution chart shows this directly. Each bar represents one possible sum, and its height represents that sum's probability.

Exact probabilities, not simulated rolls

This calculator does not estimate probabilities by rolling virtual dice repeatedly. It counts the complete outcome distribution, so the displayed probability is deterministic and exact for the selected dice.

Common examples

  • 2d6 = 7: 6 of 36 outcomes, or about 16.67%.
  • 2d6 ≥ 9: 10 of 36 outcomes, or about 27.78%.
  • 1d20 ≥ 15: 6 of 20 outcomes, or 30%.